Tank Size, Options for Sprinkler System Supply? - MeyerFire

Sizing a fire water storage tank requires following specific guidelines to ensure adequate water supply for fire protection systems. The process involves calculating the water demand based on system requirements, applicable codes, and expected fire risks. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

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1. Identify the Applicable Codes and Standards

• NFPA 22 (Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection)
• NFPA 13 (Standard for Sprinkler Systems)
• NFPA 20 (Standard for Fire Pumps)
• Local fire codes and insurance requirements

2. Determine the Fire Protection System Type

• Sprinkler system
• Hydrant system
• Hose reel system
• Combination of systems

3. Calculate the Fire Flow Demand

• Use NFPA 13 or NFPA 14 for sprinkler and standpipe system demand.
• For hydrants, refer to local fire codes or ISO (Insurance Services Office) recommendations.

4. Establish Required Flow Rate and Duration

• Determine the required flow rate (GPM or LPM) based on the hazard classification:
  • Light Hazard (e.g., offices) – ~150 GPM for 60 minutes
  • Ordinary Hazard (e.g., retail stores) – ~250 GPM for 90 minutes
  • High Hazard (e.g., warehouses) – ~500+ GPM for 120 minutes

5. Include Additional Water Needs

• Consider factors like:
  • Hose stream demand (typically 250-500 GPM for additional fire department use)
  • Cooling or exposure protection

6. Calculate the Tank Volume

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Tank Volume=Flow Rate (GPM)×Duration (minutes)\text{Tank Volume} = \text{Flow Rate (GPM)} \times \text{Duration (minutes)}Tank Volume=Flow Rate (GPM)×Duration (minutes)

For example, if your required fire flow is 500 GPM for 90 minutes:

500×90=45,000 gallons500 \times 90 = 45,000 \text{ gallons}500×90=45,000 gallons

7. Account for Refill Capacity

• If a refill source (e.g., municipal water) is available, factor in its flow rate and capacity.

8. Factor in Reserve Capacity

• Depending on local codes, additional reserves for system maintenance or future expansion may be required.

9. Select the Tank Type

• Steel, fiberglass, or concrete tanks are common.
• Tanks may be aboveground, underground, or partially buried based on site conditions.

10. Design for Accessibility and Maintenance

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