What is vacuum heat treatment?

Over time, any material absorbs the air it is exposed to along with the dust and water vapor the air contains. The material reacts chemically, and oxides, nitrides or other undesirable compounds are produced. These may be considered as impurities or contamination.

Heating the material under vacuum allows to clean and protect it. This is possible as contaminants will either vaporize when being heated or decompose thermally in the absence of oxygen. The impurities and contaminants disassociated in this way can then be removed from the furnace with the help of vacuum.

The advantage of heat treatment under vacuum is that no costly or flammable gas atmospheres such as Hydrogen or Argon are needed to prevent the material from oxidation when it is heated.

How Does a Vacuum Furnace Work?

Dozens of industries, laboratories and manufacturers rely on high-powered vacuum furnace systems to perform daily functions. From heat treatment to brazing and sanitation, vacuum furnaces perform a variety of duties that are crucial for a company to operate efficiently.

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But how does a vacuum furnace work? What are the various components that make up a vacuum furnace system? In this article, we'll discuss the vacuum furnace process and how some companies utilize them in their day-to-day business functions.

By SentroTech

1. Load the Furnace

The vacuum furnace heat treatment process begins by placing the parts, tools or components into the chamber. Depending on furnace size, this can be accomplished using a rolling rack or tray to load parts. For smaller vacuum furnaces, simply open the chamber and place parts inside.

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2. Create a Vacuum Inside the Chamber

After closing and sealing the chamber, the next step in vacuum furnace processing is to create a vacuum inside the chamber. Initialize the pump to remove all of the oxygen inside the vacuum furnace and maintain an airtight seal.

3. Heat Your Parts

Use the temperature controls to heat your parts. Most vacuum furnace systems have fine controls that manage the temperature to a precise degree. The speed at which the vacuum furnace reaches the desired temperature can also be managed.

4. Cooling and Finishing

The manner in which you cool parts following a vacuum furnace heat treatment will differ depending on the material and the application. One of the more common ways to cool components in vacuum furnace processing is to cycle inert gases such as argon into the heating chamber. Because inert gases do not readily undergo chemical reactions, they are an ideal choice as a cooling system for your vacuum furnace.

Other vacuum furnace processes such as quenching can rapidly cool products and drastically reduce production cycles.

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